When translating technical documents from English to
Russian it is necessary to know that despite the fact that the language of
technical documents is a part of the national language and that the
technical documents uses its vocabulary and grammar, however certain style
is characteristic to the technical documents which meets goals and
objectives of the technical documents’ content, as well as a number of
features, both in the field of grammar and terminology.
Language of
technical documents is characterized by large number of terms, by the
prevalence of various abridgment, by the prevalence of certain syntactic
phrases over others and especially by the transfer of a number of grammatical
constructions, etc.
Main stylistic features of technical documents are brevity of statement and clarity of language.
Main difference between the language of technical documents from the
language of literature is a great richness of the text by specific technical
terms, translation of which is often not given, not only in conventional
dictionaries, but in the specialized terminology dictionaries and
glossaries.
In connection with the expansion of boundaries of human
knowledge the need for new definitions of concepts is increasing both in the
master fields of science and in new fields of science and technology and,
therefore, expands vocabulary, and vocabulary expansion is mainly connected
with the emergence of new terms.
When translating technical documents an absolutely clear knowledge of new terminology and the ability
to transmit it to the Russian language is required. Herein lies one of the main
difficulties.
Basic requirements to which good technical translation
has to be met, are as follows:
1. Accurate transfer of the original text.
2.
Strict clarity of statement of thought in most compressed and laconic
manner, characteristic to the style of Russian technical documents. When
translating technical documents one should not transfer to the Russian
text specific features of English. It is of prime importance because it
is necessary to formulate a thought in Russian, in order to correspond
with the modern practice.
3. Technical translation must fully meet the universally accepted norms of the Russian literary language.
This must be considered when translating missing in the Russian
language and characteristic to the English language syntactic
constructions. In addition, you should always remember that the
semantic richness of the English language is weakened by the end of
the sentence, whereas in Russian, on the contrary, meaning growth
comes from the beginning of the sentence to its end.
Thus, to
what the attention is focused in the English sentence is at first
place, and in Russian it is at last place.
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